06 · DIGITAL EVIDENCE EXAMINATIONS
Forensic Examination of Messages & Screenshots
Understand the conversation in context.
Examination of messages and screenshots against available original records. We assess chronology, context and completeness, distinguishing what is visible from what the source data can establish about origin and attribution.
Conversations from messaging applications such as WhatsApp, Viber, Facebook Messenger, Signal and SMS are often presented as screenshots, printouts or exports. These representations do not by themselves establish authenticity and may omit surrounding messages, deleted or edited content, attachments and the metadata needed to establish timing and origin.
Where available and lawfully accessible, we compare the material presented with the underlying records on the device, in backups or in the account. We assess the chronology, the wider conversation, indications of deletion or editing, and whether the material presented is consistent with the source data.
We distinguish what is visible from what the source data can establish. A record associated with an account or device does not necessarily identify the person who wrote or sent a message, and we explain that limit wherever it matters.
Questions this examination can help answer
- Is this screenshot consistent with the original conversation?
- Were messages deleted, edited or left out?
- According to the available records, when were the messages sent, received or read?
- What does the full conversation show around the disputed messages?
What the evidence can and cannot establish
Screenshots alone often cannot be verified. What can be established depends on whether original devices, backups or account records are available and lawfully accessible.
Our examinations are independent and objective. We report material findings whether they support or challenge the position under examination. We explain what the digital evidence supports, the limitations that apply and what cannot be established.
Before you instruct us
Are screenshots enough to examine a conversation?
Screenshots can help identify the disputed material, but may omit surrounding messages, source information and metadata. Where available and lawfully accessible, we compare them with relevant device, backup or account records. We explain the limits of what can be verified; an account or device record alone does not necessarily identify the person responsible.
What does a forensic report include?
The report addresses the agreed questions and identifies the material examined, methods, significant findings, supporting references and limitations. It separates observations from technical interpretation. Timelines and exhibits may accompany the report where relevant. A discussion with your lawyer and court testimony can be arranged where required and agreed.
THE APPROACH
A traceable process.
From source to finding.
A defensible finding needs a traceable basis. We document the acquisition, tools, procedures and limitations so that the examination and its conclusions can be independently assessed.
- 01
Define
Agree the authority, questions, relevant sources and scope with you and your legal adviser before examination begins.
- 02
Preserve
Document receipt, handling and transfers. Preserve source material and use verified forensic copies or appropriate exports wherever practicable. Record acquisition methods and appropriate integrity checks, including cryptographic hashes where applicable.
- 03
Examine
Check material findings against their sources. Correlate records and timelines, test alternative explanations and document examination coverage.
- 04
Explain
Report findings objectively. Distinguish observations, interpretation and limitations, with references that allow the reasoning to be followed.
A keyword result or a device event needs context. Our conclusions reflect the available evidence and the limits of the examination.
LET’S START WITH YOUR QUESTION
Make sense of
your digital evidence.
Tell us briefly about the matter and the digital sources involved. We can discuss the appropriate next step and the proposed scope.
Based in Cyprus · English & Greek